power transformer

## Power Transformer: Heart of the power grid
A power transformer is an inconspicuous, but incredibly important element that provides electricity to our houses, offices and entire cities. Imagine a huge network through which electric current flows - this is our power grid. Is the power transformer a kind of voltage switch? in this network. It allows you to change the voltage of electric current, adjusting it to the needs of various consumers.
### How does a magic box work?
Inside the transformer is an iron core, wrapped in two coils of wires - primary and secondary. When alternating current is supplied to the primary coil, it creates a changing magnetic field in the core. This field, in turn, induces (excites) electric current in the secondary coil. The number of turns in each coil determines the ratio of the input and output voltage. If there are more turns in the secondary coil than in the primary one, the voltage rises - this is an increase in the transformer. If, on the contrary, the voltage decreases, and before us a lowering transformer. It is like a lever: applying a slight effort at one end, we get a greater effort on the other.
### Why do you need to change the tension?
Electricity is transmitted over long distances along power lines with a very high voltage. This allows minimizing energy losses to heating wires. Imagine that you are carrying a heavy load - the smaller the weight, the easier it is to carry it. The same thing with electricity: high voltage means a smaller current with the same power, and lower current means less loss. However, such high voltage is dangerous for domestic use. Therefore, before getting into our homes, electricity passes through lowering transformers that reduce the voltage to safe 220 volts.
### Transformers everywhere!
We are faced with transformers every day, without even noticing them. They are located at electrical substations, in electrical poles near our houses, inside various electronic devices. These indispensable devices are an integral part of modern life, providing us with electricity necessary to work everything from a light bulb to a powerful computer. Without them, our world would be completely different - dark and not so technologically developed.