Transformer substation

Transformer substation: the heart of the power grid
Transformer substations are indispensable components of the electric power system that many of us see daily, without even thinking about their importance. They are like a gigantic energy converters, which imperceptibly supply our houses, enterprises and cities with electricity. Imagine a city without light - this is how important their work is.
1. Voltage transformation: from giant to dwarf
The main function of the substation is a change in electric current voltage. Electricity produced at power plants has a very high voltage - hundreds of kilovolts. This voltage is dangerous for direct use in everyday life and enterprises. Transformers at substations reduce this voltage to safer and more convenient values: 380/220 volts for residential buildings and various levels for industrial consumers. This is as a decrease in the scale of a huge city model to a size convenient for considering details. Without this transformation, the transmission of electricity over long distances would be impossible, and its use is extremely dangerous.
2. Distribution of energy: according to the arteries of the city
After the voltage transformation, the substation distributes electricity in various directions. This is a complex system of cables and power lines resembling the circulatory system of the city. Each artery? Neares a certain area or group of consumers. Modern substations are equipped with complex automatic control systems that monitor the network load and distribute energy efficiently and reliably. Thanks to this, electricity uninterruptedly enters our homes and offices, even during peak hours.
3. Protection and safety: the city shield from overload
Substations provide not only the transformation and distribution of energy, but also its protection. Special equipment monitors the state of the network and instantly reacts to overloads, short circuits and other emergency situations. This is like a city security system, which prevents accidents and provides stable power supply. Aircraft circuit breakers, protection relay and other devices quickly turn off the damaged areas of the network, preventing large -scale shutdowns and protecting the equipment from damage. Thanks to this, we can be sure of the reliability of power supply.