A transformer substation device

A transformer substation device
The transformer substation is, in fact, the heart of the energy system of any settlement, whether it be a small village or a huge metropolis. It is responsible for the transformation of high voltage, with which electricity is transmitted over long distances, to a lower voltage necessary for household and industrial needs. Imagine it as a powerful reducing converter adapting an electric flow for comfortable and safe use. It is not so difficult to understand its device if you imagine it as a complex, but logical mechanism.
The main characters: transformers
The heart of the substation, of course, is transformers. These are massive metal barrels, inside which a miracle of voltage transformation occurs. Inside these barrels there are coils of wires with a different number of turns. Due to the difference in the number of turns and a change in voltage is achieved. The high voltage, which came from the high -voltage power lines, comes to one of the coils, and on the other, already reduced voltage is removed, ready for distribution by houses and enterprises. Transformers work on the principle of electromagnetic induction - a change in a magnetic flux in one coil leads an electric current into another.
Protection and switching system
To ensure safe and uninterrupted operation of the substation, a reliable protection and switching system is needed. It includes switches, disconnectors, fuses and various protection relay. Switches are a kind of giant circuit breakers that can quickly turn off the damaged area of ​​the network, preventing accidents and protecting the equipment. Disractors allow you to isolate individual sections of the network during repair work. The protection relay is smart devices that constantly control the parameters of the network and instantly respond to any deviations from the norm.
Distribution devices
Having received a low voltage, electricity enters the distribution devices (ru). These are complex tire systems, disconnectors and switches that distribute energy along various power lines, directing it to consumers. RU are similar to interchangeing nodes - they share energy flows, directing them along the right path, like a road interchange that distributes traffic flows. Thanks to RU, electricity reaches every house and enterprise, ensuring the uninterrupted functioning of our daily life.